Board of directors (8)
Directors with a Section 16 filing in the last 13 months. “Since” is the first filing as a director; SEC data sets start in 2016.
Executive officers (9)
Company facts
- Chair
- Ramon Laguarta
- In S&P 500 since
- Mar 1957
- Incorporated in
- NC
- Fiscal year ends
- December
- SEC industry
- Beverages
- SEC filings
- EDGAR
Connections to other S&P 500 companies
Current directors and officers who also hold a role at another S&P 500 company.
Major holders (5% or more)
Latest Schedule 13D/13G filing per holder. Holders that reported falling below 5% are not shown. Index funds usually report once a year.
No 5% holder filings parsed yet for this company.
Insider trades
Open-market purchases and sales reported on Form 4. Grants, option exercises and tax withholding are excluded.
| Date | Insider | Type | Shares | Price | Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Oct 21, 2026 | Ramon Laguarta Chairman and CEO | Sale | 30,000 | $135.13 | $4.1M |
| Oct 14, 2026 | Robert C. Pohlad Director | Buy | 84,507 | $128.28 | $10.8M |
| Oct 14, 2026 | Robert C. Pohlad Director | Buy | 45,075 | $128.28 | $5.8M |
| Oct 14, 2026 | Robert C. Pohlad Director | Buy | 45,075 | $128.28 | $5.8M |
| Oct 14, 2026 | Robert C. Pohlad Director | Buy | 9,989 | $128.28 | $1.3M |
| Jul 27, 2026 | David Flavell EVP, Gen Counsel & Corp Sec | Sale | 2,900 | $139.54 | $405K |
| Mar 4, 2026 | Eugene Willemsen CEO, International Beverages | Sale | 3,798 | $164.46 | $625K |
| Mar 4, 2026 | Eugene Willemsen CEO, International Beverages | Sale | 2,702 | $164.44 | $444K |
| Mar 2, 2026 | Ramon Laguarta Chairman and CEO | Sale | 27,945 | $167.39 | $4.7M |
| Mar 4, 2025 | Marie T. Gallagher SVP and Controller | Sale | 25,000 | $159.55 | $4.0M |
| Mar 3, 2025 | Steven C. Williams CEO, North America | Sale | 17,978 | $150.89 | $2.7M |
| Mar 3, 2025 | David Flavell EVP, Gen Counsel & Corp Sec | Sale | 6,906 | $150.90 | $1.0M |
| Mar 3, 2025 | Ramon Laguarta Chairman and CEO | Sale | 50,000 | $154.90 | $7.7M |
| Mar 3, 2025 | Eugene Willemsen CEO, International Beverages | Sale | 10,000 | $154.33 | $1.5M |
| Mar 3, 2025 | Ramkumar Krishnan CEO, North America | Sale | 9,700 | $150.91 | $1.5M |
| Mar 3, 2025 | Ramkumar Krishnan CEO, North America | Sale | 225 | $153.51 | $35K |
| Feb 27, 2025 | Paula Santilli CEO, Latin America Foods | Sale | 7,777 | $151.90 | $1.2M |
| May 10, 2024 | David Flavell EVP, Gen Counsel & Corp Sec | Sale | 6,628 | $179.86 | $1.2M |
| May 9, 2024 | Ramkumar Krishnan CEO, North America | Sale | 5,620 | $178.00 | $1.0M |
| Mar 11, 2024 | Ramkumar Krishnan CEO, North America | Sale | 4,563 | $164.44 | $750K |
| Feb 23, 2024 | Eugene Willemsen CEO, International Beverages | Sale | 7,700 | $169.74 | $1.3M |
| Nov 10, 2023 | Hugh F. Johnston Vice Chairman, EVP & CFO | Sale | 29,588 | $166.68 | $4.9M |
| Nov 10, 2023 | Hugh F. Johnston Vice Chairman, EVP & CFO | Sale | 18,800 | $166.62 | $3.1M |
| Mar 9, 2023 | Robert C. Pohlad Director | Sale | 360 | $174.34 | $63K |
| Mar 9, 2023 | Robert C. Pohlad Director | Sale | 17,893 | $173.87 | $3.1M |
Board and executive changes
Every 8-K with Item 5.02 (departure, election or appointment of directors and officers). The text is the first paragraph of the item.
- Sep 17, 2026
On September 17, 2026, the Board of Directors (the “Board”) of PepsiCo, Inc. (“PepsiCo”) elected Joaquin Duato as an independent member of the Board, effective December 1, 2026. Mr. Duato will serve on the Audit Committee of the Board, effective December 1, 2026. Mr. Duato, 64, has served as Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer of Johnson & Johnson since 2023 and 2022, respectively, and as a director since 2022. Prior to that, he served as Vice Chairman of the Executive Committee from 2018 to 2021 and Worldwide Chairman, Pharmaceuticals from 2011 to 2018. Before these positions, he held executive positions of increasing responsibility across business sectors and multiple geographies and functions following his joining Johnson & Johnson in 1989. Upon joining the Board on December 1, 2026, Mr.
Read the 8-K filing - Dec 15, 2025
On December 15, 2025, PepsiCo, Inc. announced that Steven Williams, Chief Executive Officer, North America, will transition to the role of Executive Vice President & Vice Chairman, Global Chief Commercial Officer & Corporate Affairs, effective December 28, 2025.
Read the 8-K filing - Oct 9, 2025
On October 7, 2025, the Board of Directors (the “Board”) of PepsiCo appointed Stephen (“Steve”) Schmitt, 52, as PepsiCo’s Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, effective November 10, 2025 (the “Effective Date”). Mr. Schmitt has served as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer for Walmart U.S. since 2021, overseeing the finance function for Walmart’s multi-billion-dollar omni-channel U.S. organization and leading the core financial activities of Walmart’s largest business unit. Mr. Schmitt served as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer for Walmart U.S. Omni-Channel during 2021, Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer for Walmart U.S. eCommerce from 2019 to 2020 and as Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer for Sam’s Club from 2018 to 2019. Prior to that, Mr.
Read the 8-K filing - Feb 7, 2025
As previously disclosed in our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 11, 2024, the Board of Directors (the “Board”) of PepsiCo, Inc. (the “Company”) appointed Christine Tammara to the role of Senior Vice President and Controller (Principal Accounting Officer) of the Company, effective May 3, 2025. In connection with the appointment of Ms. Tammara, on February 5, 2025, the Compensation Committee of the Board set Ms. Tammara’s annual base salary for her new role at $450,000 with an annual incentive target at 95% of base salary, effective May 3, 2025. Ms. Tammara’s annual incentive award payout for 2025 will be prorated and determined by achievement of PepsiCo’s pre-established performance goals. Ms.
Read the 8-K filing - Dec 11, 2024
On December 11, 2024, PepsiCo, Inc. (the “Company”) issued a press release announcing the appointment on November 20, 2024, of Christine E. Tammara, 47, currently Senior Vice President, Controller, PepsiCo Beverages North America, to the role of Senior Vice President and Controller (Principal Accounting Officer) of the Company, effective upon the previously announced retirement of Marie T. Gallagher, the Company’s current Senior Vice President and Controller (Principal Accounting Officer), on May 3, 2025. Ms. Tammara joined the Company in 2007 and has served as Senior Vice President, Controller, PepsiCo Beverages North America since June 2023. Prior to that, Ms.
Read the 8-K filing - Oct 8, 2024
On October 4, 2024, Marie T. Gallagher, Senior Vice President and Controller (Principal Accounting Officer), notified PepsiCo of her intent to retire from PepsiCo. Ms. Gallagher’s retirement will be effective May 3, 2025. Ms. Gallagher’s retirement is not a result of any disagreement with PepsiCo or its independent auditors or any member of management on any matter of accounting principles or practices, financial statement disclosure or internal controls.
Read the 8-K filing - May 3, 2024
At the Annual Meeting of Shareholders of PepsiCo, Inc. (“PepsiCo” or the “Company”) held on May 1, 2024, PepsiCo’s shareholders approved an amendment and restatement of the PepsiCo, Inc. Long-Term Incentive Plan (the “Plan”). The Compensation Committee and Board of Directors of PepsiCo previously approved the Plan, subject to shareholder approval. The Plan is described in Proxy Item No. 4 in PepsiCo’s proxy statement for the 2024 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 22, 2024 (“2024 Proxy Statement”). The description of the Plan contained on pages 88 to 91 of the 2024 Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference. A copy of the Plan is attached hereto as Exhibit 10.1 and is incorporated by reference herein.
Read the 8-K filing - Jan 18, 2024
On January 16, 2024, Kirk Tanner, Chief Executive Officer, PepsiCo Beverages North America, notified PepsiCo, Inc. (the “Company”) of his intent to resign from the Company, effective February 2, 2024.
Read the 8-K filing - Nov 17, 2023
As previously disclosed in our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 6, 2023, the Board of Directors (the “Board”) of PepsiCo, Inc. (“PepsiCo”) appointed James (“Jamie”) Caulfield as PepsiCo’s Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, effective November 30, 2023. In connection with the appointment of Mr. Caulfield, on November 16, 2023, the Compensation Committee of the Board set Mr. Caulfield’s annual base salary as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer at $700,000 and Mr. Caulfield’s annual incentive target at 150% of base salary. Mr. Caulfield’s annual incentive award payout will be prorated for the fiscal year ending December 30, 2023 and will be determined by achievement of PepsiCo’s pre-established performance goals. Mr.
Read the 8-K filing - Nov 6, 2023
On November 1, 2023, Hugh F. Johnston notified PepsiCo, Inc. (the “Company”) of his intent to resign from the Company, effective November 30, 2023. On November 5, 2023, the Company appointed James (“Jamie”) Caulfield, 64, currently Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer, PepsiCo Foods North America, to assume the role of Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of the Company, effective November 30, 2023. Mr. Caulfield has served as Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer, PepsiCo Foods North America since September 2019. Prior to that, in his over 30 years with PepsiCo, Mr.
Read the 8-K filing - Aug 5, 2021
On August 3, 2021, the Board of Directors (the “Board”) of PepsiCo, Inc. (“PepsiCo”) elected Edith W. Cooper as an independent member of the Board, effective September 1, 2021. Ms. Cooper will serve on the Audit Committee of the Board, effective September 1, 2021. Ms. Cooper, 59, spent over two decades of her career with The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc., most recently serving as Executive Vice President and Global Head, Human Capital Management from 2011 to 2017 and Managing Director and Global Head, Human Capital Management from 2008 to 2011. Ms. Cooper began her career in derivative sales at Morgan Stanley from 1991 to 1996 and Bankers Trust Company from 1986 to 1991. Ms. Cooper co-founded Medley, a membership-based community for personal and professional growth, in 2020. Ms.
Read the 8-K filing - Nov 2, 2020
On October 30, 2020, the Board of Directors (the “Board”) of PepsiCo, Inc. (“PepsiCo”) elected Dave Lewis as an independent member of the Board, effective November 13, 2020. Mr. Lewis will serve on the Audit Committee of the Board, effective November 13, 2020. Mr. Lewis, 55, served as Group Chief Executive Officer of Tesco PLC, a multinational grocery and general merchandise retailer, from 2014 until September 2020. Prior to joining Tesco, he served in a variety of management positions with Unilever PLC, a global consumer products company, from 1987 to 2014, including a variety of leadership roles in Europe, Asia and the Americas, including most recently as President, Personal Care from 2011 to 2014; President, Americas from 2010 to 2011; and Chairman, United Kingdom and Ireland from 2007 to 2010. Mr.
Read the 8-K filing - Jul 7, 2020
On July 3, 2020, the Board of Directors (the “Board”) of PepsiCo, Inc. (“PepsiCo”) elected Segun Agbaje as an independent member of the Board, effective July 15, 2020. Mr. Agbaje will serve on the Audit Committee of the Board, effective July 15, 2020. Mr. Agbaje, 56, has served since 2011 as Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer of Guaranty Trust Bank plc, a Nigerian multinational financial institution. He joined Guaranty Trust Bank in 1991 and held positions of increasing responsibility, including as Executive Director from 2000 to 2002, Deputy Managing Director from 2002 to 2011 and as Acting Managing Director in 2011. Prior to joining Guaranty Trust Bank, Mr. Agbaje served as an auditor at Ernst & Young LLP in the United States from 1988 to 1990. Mr. Agbaje also currently serves as a director of MasterCard Advisory Board Middle East and Africa.
Read the 8-K filing - Mar 10, 2020
On March 6, 2020, William R. Johnson notified PepsiCo, Inc. (“PepsiCo”) of his decision not to stand for re-election to the Board of Directors (the “Board”), to devote more time to his personal and other professional commitments, and to retire from the Board when his current term expires at PepsiCo’s 2020 Annual Meeting of Shareholders. Mr. Johnson will continue to serve as a member of the Board until the 2020 Annual Meeting of Shareholders.
Read the 8-K filing - Jun 11, 2019
On June 5, 2019, Laxman Narasimhan, Global Chief Commercial Officer of PepsiCo, Inc. (the “Company”), notified the Company of his intent to resign from the Company effective July 1, 2 019.
Read the 8-K filing
Show 15 older changes
- Mar 18, 2019
As previously announced on March 4, 2019, Laxman Narasimhan was appointed to the newly created role of Global Chief Commercial Officer, PepsiCo, Inc. (“PepsiCo”) and would continue to lead PepsiCo’s Latin America sector on an interim basis. On March 14, 2019, PepsiCo appointed Paula Santilli, currently President, PepsiCo Mexico Foods, to assume the role of Chief Executive Officer, Latin America effective May 1, 2019, at which time Mr. Narasimhan will transition out of his interim role as Chief Executive Officer, Latin America.
Read the 8-K filing - Mar 7, 2019
On March 6, 2019, the Board of Directors (the “Board”) of PepsiCo, Inc. (“PepsiCo”) elected Michelle Gass as an independent member of the Board. Ms. Gass, 51, has served as Chief Executive Officer and a director of Kohl’s Corporation since 2018. She previously served as its Chief Executive Officer-elect and Chief Merchandising & Customer Officer from 2017 to 2018, Chief Merchandising & Customer Officer from 2015 to 2017, and Chief Customer Officer from 2013 to 2015. Prior to joining Kohl’s, Ms. Gass served in a variety of management positions with Starbucks Corporation from 1996 to 2013, including most recently as President, Starbucks Coffee EMEA (Europe, Middle East and Africa) from 2011 to 2013; President, Seattle’s Best Coffee; Executive Vice President, Global Marketing and Category; and various leadership roles in other brand, creative, marketing and strategy functions.
Read the 8-K filing - Jan 10, 2019
On August 6, 2018, PepsiCo (“PepsiCo” or the “Company”) announced that Indra K. Nooyi would continue to serve as Chairman of PepsiCo’s Board of Directors (“Board”) until a date in early 2019 to be mutually determined by Ms. Nooyi and the Board. PepsiCo announced that Ms. Nooyi will retire as Chairman of the Board and as a director of PepsiCo effective February 1, 2019. The Company also announced that the Board elected Ramon Laguarta, PepsiCo’s Chief Executive Officer and a member of the Board, to serve as Chairman of the Board effective February 1, 2019.
Read the 8-K filing - Dec 21, 2018
On December 18, 2018, Albert P. Carey notified PepsiCo, Inc. (the “Company”) of his intent to retire from the Company at the end of March 2019. In anticipation of his retirement, Mr. Carey will transition from his role as Chief Executive Officer, North America, effective January 1, 2019.
Read the 8-K filing - Aug 17, 2018
As previously disclosed, the Board of Directors (the “Board”) of PepsiCo, Inc. (“PepsiCo”) appointed Ramon Laguarta as PepsiCo’s Chief Executive Officer and as a member of the Board, in each case effective October 3, 2018. In connection with the appointment of Mr. Laguarta, the Board, acting on the recommendation of the Compensation Committee of the Board, on August 15, 2018 set Mr. Laguarta’s annual base salary as Chief Executive Officer at $1,300,000 and Mr. Laguarta’s annual incentive target at 200% of base salary. For 2018, Mr. Laguarta’s annual incentive award payout will be prorated (with the first nine months based on an annual target of 150% of his prior base salary and the final three months based on an annual target of 200% of his new base salary) and will be determined by achievement of PepsiCo’s pre-established performance goals. Mr.
Read the 8-K filing - Aug 6, 2018
On August 6, 2018, PepsiCo, Inc. (“PepsiCo” or the “Company”) announced that Indra K. Nooyi, 62, PepsiCo’s Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, will depart PepsiCo in early 2019 so as to pursue the next phase of her life. On August 3, 2018, PepsiCo’s Board of Directors appointed Ramon Laguarta, 54, as Chief Executive Officer and as a member of the Board of Directors, in each case effective October 3, 2018. Ms. Nooyi will continue to serve as Chairman of PepsiCo’s Board of Directors until a date in early 2019 to be mutually determined by Ms. Nooyi and the Board. Indra K. Nooyi was appointed PepsiCo’s Chief Executive Officer in 2006 and assumed the role of Chairman of PepsiCo’s Board of Directors in 2007. She was elected to PepsiCo’s Board of Directors and became President and Chief Financial Officer in 2001, after serving as Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer since 2000.
Read the 8-K filing - Dec 7, 2017
PepsiCo, Inc. (“PepsiCo”) today announced that Sanjeev Chadha, Chief Executive Officer of PepsiCo’s Asia, Middle East and North Africa (“AMENA”) division, will assume the role of Chairman of AMENA effective January 1, 2018 and is expected to retire from PepsiCo at the end of the first quarter of 2018. Mike Spanos, who is currently leading the AMENA division on an interim basis in addition to his responsibilities as President and Chief Executive Officer of PepsiCo Greater China region, will assume the role of Chief Executive Officer of AMENA, effective January 1, 2018 .
Read the 8-K filing - Oct 13, 2017
PepsiCo, Inc. (“PepsiCo”) today announced that Sanjeev Chadha, Chief Executive Officer of PepsiCo’s Asia, Middle East and North Africa (“AMENA”) division, is taking a short term medical leave from PepsiCo due to an injury. Mike Spanos, President and Chief Executive Officer of PepsiCo Greater China region, will lead the AMENA division on an interim basis in addition to his current responsibilities .
Read the 8-K filing - Sep 29, 2017
Rona A. Fairhead will assume the role of Minister of State at the Department for International Trade in the United Kingdom. On September 26, 2017, Mrs. Fairhead notified PepsiCo, Inc. (“PepsiCo”) that, consistent with expectations of her new role, she will resign from PepsiCo’s Board of Directors (the “Board”). Mrs. Fairhead’s resignation from the Board is effective September 29, 2017.
Read the 8-K filing - Jul 20, 2017
On July 14, 2017, the Board of Directors of PepsiCo, Inc. (“PepsiCo”) approved the following executive appointments, effective September 1, 2017: • Ramon Laguarta, 53, was appointed President of PepsiCo. In this role, Mr. Laguarta will have responsibility for PepsiCo’s global category groups, global operations, corporate strategy, public policy & government affairs functions, and the PepsiCo foundation. Operationally, he will work closely with Mehmood Khan, Vice Chairman and Chief Scientific Officer, to drive category innovation and progress against PepsiCo’s sustainability goals. Mr. Laguarta has served as the Chief Executive Officer, Europe Sub-Saharan Africa (“ESSA”) since January 2015, and previously was PepsiCo Europe’s President of Developing and Emerging Markets. Mr.
Read the 8-K filing - Aug 24, 2016
On August 24, 2016, the Board of Directors (the “Board”) of PepsiCo, Inc. (“PepsiCo”) elected Darren Walker as an independent member of the Board, effective September 21, 2016. Mr. Walker will serve on the Audit Committee of the Board, effective September 21, 2016. Mr. Walker, 56, has served as President of the Ford Foundation, a philanthropic organization, since 2013 and as Vice President for Education, Creativity and Free Expression from 2010 to 2013. Prior to the Ford Foundation, Mr. Walker joined the Rockefeller Foundation in 2002 and served as a Vice President responsible for foundation initiatives from 2005 to 2010. From 1995 to 2002, he was the Chief Operating Officer of Abyssinian Development Corporation, a community development organization in Harlem in New York City. Upon joining the Board on September 21, 2016, Mr.
Read the 8-K filing - May 9, 2016
At the Annual Meeting of Shareholders of PepsiCo, Inc. (“PepsiCo”) held on May 4, 2016, PepsiCo’s shareholders approved an amendment and restatement of the PepsiCo, Inc. 2007 Long-Term Incentive Plan, renamed the PepsiCo, Inc. Long-Term Incentive Plan (the “Plan”). The Compensation Committee and Board of Directors of PepsiCo previously approved the Plan, subject to shareholder approval. The amended Plan extends the term of the Plan until May 4, 2026 and imposes limits on awards that may be granted to non-employee directors in a single calendar year. The Plan is described in Proxy Item No. 4 in PepsiCo’s proxy statement for the 2016 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 18, 2016 (“2016 Proxy Statement”).
Read the 8-K filing - Mar 30, 2016
On March 30, 2016, PepsiCo, Inc. ("PepsiCo") announced a series of senior executive changes, including the promotion of Albert P. Carey to Chief Executive Officer, North America, overseeing North America Beverages, Frito-Lay North America and Quaker Foods North America. Mr. Carey previously served as Chief Executive Officer, North America Beverages. On March 27, 2016, Thomas R. Greco, Chief Executive Officer, Frito-Lay North America, notified PepsiCo of his decision to resign from PepsiCo, effective April 8, 2016, to pursue an opportunity at another company.
Read the 8-K filing - Mar 4, 2016
On March 3, 2016, the Board of Directors (the "Board") of PepsiCo, Inc. ("PepsiCo") elected Cesar Conde as an independent member of the Board, effective March 4, 2016. Mr. Conde will serve on the Audit Committee of the Board, effective March 4, 2016. Mr. Conde, 42, currently serves as Chairman of NBCUniversal International Group and NBCUniversal Telemundo Enterprises. From 2013 to 2015, he served as Executive Vice President at NBCUniversal, where he oversaw NBCUniversal International and NBCUniversal Digital Enterprises. From 2009 to 2013, Mr. Conde served as President of Univision Networks, a leading American media company with a portfolio of Spanish language television networks, radio stations and websites. From 2003 to 2009, Mr. Conde served in a variety of senior executive capacities at Univision Networks. Prior to Univision, Mr.
Read the 8-K filing - Feb 5, 2016
On February 4, 2016, the Compensation Committee (the “Committee”) of the Board of Directors of PepsiCo, Inc. (the “Company”) authorized the adoption of a form of Annual Long-Term Incentive Award Agreement (“LTI Award Agreement”) for use in granting performance stock units and long-term cash awards to certain senior executives. These awards will vest on the third anniversary of the grant date, subject to the recipient’s continued employment through such date and the level of performance attained with respect to the applicable performance metrics. The above description of the form of LTI Award Agreement is qualified in its entirety by reference to the Form of Annual Long-Term Incentive Award Agreement, attached hereto as Exhibit 10.1, and the PepsiCo, Inc.
Read the 8-K filing
Proxy statements (DEF 14A): 2026 · 2025 · 2024 · 2023 · 2022 · 2021
Share price
Annual financials
From the company's 10-K XBRL data (SEC companyfacts).
| Fiscal year | Revenue | Net income | Margin | Diluted EPS | Total assets |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FY2025 | $93.9B | $8.2B | 8.8% | $6.00 | $107.4B |
| FY2024 | $91.9B | $9.6B | 10.4% | $6.95 | $99.5B |
| FY2023 | $91.5B | $9.1B | 9.9% | $6.56 | $100.5B |
| FY2022 | $86.4B | $8.9B | 10.3% | $6.42 | $92.2B |
| FY2021 | $79.5B | $7.6B | 9.6% | $5.49 | $92.4B |
| FY2020 | $70.4B | $7.1B | 10.1% | $5.12 | $92.9B |
| FY2019 | $67.2B | $7.3B | 10.9% | $5.20 | $78.5B |
| FY2018 | $64.7B | $12.5B | 19.4% | $8.78 | $77.6B |
Former directors and officers (34)
People who stopped filing as an insider of this company. “Last filing” is the last Form 3/4/5, an upper bound on when they left.